הבית לחולי טרשת נפוצה

טרשת נפוצה: שוברים את המיתוסים

אנשים מתים מטרשת נפוצה? הגיע הזמן לתקן מספר הנחות שגויות

טרשת נפוצה היא מחלה אוטואימונית, בה המערכת החיסונית של הגוף – זו המגנה עלינו מפני זיהומים – תוקפת בטעות גם את המיאלין, החומר המבודד ומגן על תאי העצב.

המחלה לרוב מאובחנת בגילאי ה-20 עד ה-40 והמאובחנים בה חיים לצדה כל חייהם, מכיוון שלא נמצאה עדיין תרופה שתצליח להעלימה לחלוטין.

אנשים עם טרשת נפוצה סובלים ממגוון רחב של סימפטומים, כתלות באזורים שנפגעו במערכת העצבים המרכזית (המוח וחוט השדרה) בעקבות הטרשת הנפוצה, בהם קשיי הליכה, בעיות בשיווי המשקל, הפרעה בראייה, בעיות זיכרון, דחיפות במתן שתן, דיכאון, עייפות ועוד.

המיתוס: טרשת נפוצה היא מחלה שכיחה

המילה "נפוצה" מבלבלת ומטעה. שם המחלה נובע מכך שהיא מאופיינת במספר נגעים (טרשות) אותם ניתן לזהות לאורך המוח ועמוד השדרה. התואר "נפוצה" מתייחס למספר הנגעים ולא לשכיחותה באוכלוסייה.

אם היו מתייחסים לשכיחות המחלה כנראה והיו קוראים לה "טרשת נדירה". בעולם עולה שכיחות המחלה ככל שמתרחקים מקו המשווה, כך שבמדינות כמו ברזיל ניתן למצוא שכיחות נמוכה בה נמצאו 18 אנשים עם טרשת נפוצה לכל 100,000 תושבים ואילו במדינות צפון אירופה ניתן למצוא יחס של אדם אחד עם טרשת נפוצה מתוך כל 500 תושבים. אין נתונים מדויקים באשר לשכיחות במדינתנו, אך ההנחה היא שקיימים כ-5,000 אנשים עם טרשת נפוצה בישראל.

לכתבה המלאה באתר "כמוני" לחצו כאן

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